MCQ on Anatomy Of Flowering Plants

1. Medullary or pith ray is the

a) Radial strip of parenchyma which is present between vascular bundles

b) Radial strip of collenchyma which is present between vascular bundles

c) Radial strip of sclerenchyma which is present between vascular bundles

d) The another name of stele

2. Which of the function in the given options does not belongs to the monocot root?

a) Conduction of water from the root hairs to the inner tissue

b) Storage of food

c) The outer most layer or layers of the cortex produce protective exodermis in the older roots

d) Presence of secondary growth

3. Conjoint vascular bundles are common in

a) Roots              

b) Stems             

c) Leaves            

d) Both (b) and (c)

4. Periderm is produced from

a) Cork cambium             

b) Procambium

c) Secondary cortex       

d) Vascular cambium

5. In stem, the xylem is

a) Exarch             

b) Mesarch        

c) Endarch          

d) All of these

6. Root apical meristem is derived from the

a) Plumule part of embryo

b) Scutellum part of embryo

c) Radical part of embryo

d) Endosperm part of embryo

7. Which of the following plants shows multiple epidermis?

a) Croton            

b) Allium             

c) Nerium

d) Cucurbita

8. The growth of root and stem in length with the help of apical meristem is called …A…. Apart from primary growth most dicotyledonous plant exhibit an increase in girth called …B…

Choose the correct combination of A, B and C in respect to the above paragraph

a) A-primary growth; B-secondary growth            

b) A-secondary growth; B-primary growth

c) A-secondary growth; B-tertiary growth             

d) A-primary growth; B-tertiary growth

9. Which of the following statement is correct?

a) Study of the internal structure is called anatomy

b) Plants have cells as the basic unit cells, are organised into tissues

c) Tissues are organised into organs

d) All of the above

10. In monocotyledonous stem, the vascular bundles are

a) Conjoint and open

b) Conjoint and closed

c) Scattered through out the ground tissue

d) Both (b) and (c)

11. Select the wrong statements

I. Primary and secondary phloem gets crushed during secondary growth

II. During secondary growth, primary xylem remains more or less intact

a) I is correct and II is incorrect  

b) II is correct and I is incorrect

c) Both are incorrect      

d) Both are correct

12. I. Fat

II. Protein

III. Sugar

IV. Salt

Which of the above is/are present in higher concentration with the meristematic cells?

a) Only I              

b) I and II            

c) Only IV            

d) III and IV

13. G H Shull observed inbreeding depression in a plant. Miller and Letham isolated a hormone from the immature seeds of that plant. Which of the following characters is not associated with the plant?

a) Atactostelic condition in stem

b) Bundle sheath in leaf

c) Chromosomal number of endospermous cell is 30

d) Medulla absent in the root

14. The position of protoxylem in leaf is

a) Adaxial           

b) Abaxial

c) Surrounded by metaxylem     

d) Lateral

15. The inner, darker and harder portion of secondary xylem that cannot conduct water, in an older dicot stem, is called

a) Alburnum      

b) Bast

c) Wood              

d) Duramen

16. The cells arranged in multiple layers between the epidermis and pericycle is called

a) Pith  

b) Stele

c) Medullary rays             

d) Cortex

17. Hardness of seed coats is due to the presence of

a) Sclerenchymatous fibres        

b) Sclereids

c) Bast  

d) Stone cells

18. Epidermis is derived from

a) Cambium       

b) Primary xylem             

c) Secondary xylem        

d) Protoderm

19. The activity of cambium in plants is under the control of

a) Many physiological factors

b) Many environmental factors

c) Only water availability

d) Both (a) and (b)

20. Bark includes

I. phellogen

II. phellem

III. secondary phloem

IV. secondary xylem

Select the correct combination

a) Only I              

b) I, II and III      

c) Only III            

d) All of these

1              (a)

Medullary or pith rays They are the radial strips of parenchyma which are present between adjacent vascular bundles. The medullary rays connects the pith with pericycle and cork

2              (d)

Due to the absence of vascular cambium the monocots don’t show secondary growth

3              (d)

Both (b) and (c).

When xylem and phloem within a vascular bundle are arranged in an alternate manner on different radii, the arrangement is called radial, such as in roots. In conjoint type of vascular bundles, the xylem and phloem are situated at the same radius of vascular bundles. Such vascular bundles are common in stems and leaves. The conjoint vascular bundles usually have the phloem located only on the outer side of xylem

4              (a)

The periderm consists of phellem (cork), phellogen (cork cambium) and phelloderm. The Phellogen develops in the epidermis, the cortex, the phloem or the root pericycle and produces phellem towards the outside and phelloderm towards the inside.

5              (d)

When the xylem is differentiated from the point of origin towards outside (i.e., periphery of axis), it is known as centrifugal xylem. In such cases as represented by stems, the protoxylem is situated towards inside and the metaxylem towards outside. This type of condition of xylem is called endarch.

6              (c)

Root Apical Meristem It is found at the tip of the main root and its branches. In case of tap root system, the root apical meristem is formed from radicle part of the embryo or its derivatives. In adventitious root, the root apical meristem is produced from the derivatives of shoot apex

7              (c)

Usually, epidermis consists of single layer of epidermal cells (i.e., uniseriate). But in case of Nerium, multiple epidermis is found with thick-walled epidermal cells.

8              (a)

The primary growth in plants occur as a result of activity of the apical meristem, which helps in the elongation of roots with the help of root apical meristem and elongation of stem with shoot apical meristem. Dry growth is exhibited by the presence of vascular cambium

9              (d)

Study of internal structure of plants is called anatomy. Plants have cells as the basic unit, cells are organised into tissues and in turn the tissues are organised into organs

10           (d)

In monocotyledon, the vascular bundles are scattered throughout the ground tissue. They are conjoint and closed (not having vascular cambium)

11           (d)

The primary xylem is in the centre of the stem, while primary phloem is pushed outward and crushed into the cortex by the significant activity of vascular cambium. While the secondary phloem differentiates from the cells that divide towards the outside of the stem

12           (c)

In the meristematic cells, there is no reserve food materials like fat, protein and sugar. So, salts or inorganic material have more concentration than any other cells

13           (d)

Inbreeding is mating between individuals related by descent or ancestry. Inbreeding depression is the reduction or loss in vigour and fertility as a result of inbreeding. Detailed information on inbreeding in maize was published independently by East and Shull. Maize is a monocot plant. Bundle sheath in leaf and medulla in roots are present in maize.

14           (a)

In the leaf of flowering plants, the phloem is always found towards the lower side (abaxial) and xylem towards the upper (adaxial) side.

15           (d)

The inner, darker and harder portion of secondary xylem that cannot conduct water, in an older dicot stem is known as heartwood or duramen, whereas the outer, functional, water conducting, younger secondary xylem constitute the sap-wood or alburnum.

16           (d)

The cells arranged in multiple layer between epidermis and pericycle constitutes the cortex (dicot stem)

It consists of three zones

(i) Hypodermis

(ii) Cortical layer

(iii) Endodermis

17           (d)

Stone cells provide the hardness to seed coats.

18           (d)

Epidermis Epidermis is the outermost protective layer of plant organs. It is usually simple layered but in the leaves of tropical plants (e.g., oleander, banyan) and velamen of some roots, the epidermis is more than one layer thickness. The epidermal tissue system is derived from the protoderm

19           (d)

Both (a) and (b).

The activity of cambium is under the control of many physiological and environmental factors. In temperate regions, the climatic conditions are not uniform through the year. In the spring season, cambium is very active and produces a large number of xylary elements having vessels with wider cavities. The wood formed during this season is called spring wood or early wood

20           (b)

Bark refers to a number of tissue types viz., periderm and secondary phloem