MCQ ON ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS

MCQ ON ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS

1. Cambium activity is

a) More active towards the periphery of stem

b) More active towards the lateral sides of stem

c) More active towards the inner side of stem

d) Same on the both sides

2. Cambium is a type of

a) Apical meristem

b) Intercalary meristem

c) Lateral meristem

d) Permanent of mature meristem

3. Pith is a central part of the ground tissues generally made up of

a) Parenchyma 

b) Collenchyma

c) Chlorenchyma             

d) Sclerenchyma

4. Interfascicular cambium is found

a) Between pith and vascular bundle      

b) Between two vascular bundles

c) In the vascular bundle

d) Outside the bundle

5. Meristematic tissue are

a) Premature having ability of division

b) Mature does not have ability of division

c) Premature not having ability of division

d) Complex differentiating in xylem, phloem and cambium

6. I. The 1° and 2° phloem get gradually crushed due to the continued formation and accumulation of 2° xylem

II. 1°  xylem remains more or less intact in or near the centre

III. Secondary growth results in an increase in the length of the axis

Select the correct statements

a) I and II            

b) II and III          

c) I and III

d) I, II and III

7. Cork is used as the stopper for bottles, for shock absorption and insulation because of

a) It is light and compressible    

b) Non-reactive

c) Sufficiently resistant to fire    

d) All of the above

8. Medullary rays are formed by the

a) Radially placed parenchymatous cells between vascular bundles

b) Longitudinally placed parenchymatous cells between vascular bundles

c) Laterally placed parenchymatous cells between vascular bundles

d) Obliquely placed parenchymatous cells between vascular bundles

9. Identify A to D in the given diagram and choose the correct option

a) A-Epidermal cell, B-Guard cell, C-Subsidiary cell, D-Chloroplast

b) A-Epidermal cell, B-Subsidiary cell, C-Chloroplast, D-Guard cell

c) A-Epidermal cell, B-Chloroplast, C-Subsidiary cell, D-Guard cell

d) A-Guard cell, B-Chloroplast, C-Subsidiary cell, D-Epidermal cell

10. The jute fibres anatomically are

a) Bast fibres     

b) Cortical fibres              

c) Xylem fibres 

d) Pith fibres

11. The merismatic tissue responsible for the cutting of vascular tissue (xylem and phloem) is called

a) Cork cambium             

b) Vascular cambium     

c) Lateral meristem        

d) Endodermis

12. Secondary phloem of a dicot root is made up of

I. sieve tube

II. companion cell

III. phloem parenchyma

Select the correct option for given statement

a) I and II            

b) II and III          

c) I and III           

d) All of these

13. The internal structure of a plant stem is observed. There is a discontinuous ring of angular collenchyma below the epidermis. Type of vascular bundles are of the same type as in the stems of solanaceous plants. Sieve tube elements possess simple sieve plates, identify the plant.

a) Helianthus    

b) Cucurbi ta     

c) Zea mays        

d) Hydrilla

14. The innermost layer of cortex is called

a) Epidermis      

b) Casparian strips          

c) Endodermis  

d) Pericycle

15. Amphistomatic leaf is

a) Dicotyledonous leaf  

b) Monocotyledonous leaf

c) Both (a) and (b)           

d) None of these

16. Which is not a characteristic of plant cell walls?

a) Found only in the sporophyte phase of life cycle

b) Among other compounds contains compounds built of simple sugars

c) May contain enzymes that are biologically active

d) Often contain strengthening polymers

17. The ring arrangement of vascular bundle is the characteristic feature of

a) Dicot root      

b) Monocot root              

c) Monocot stem             

d) Dicot stem

18. Primary meristem is

a) Apical meristem         

b) Intercalary meristem

c) Root apical meristem and shoot apical meristem

d)   Both (a) and (b)

19. I. These tissues are found as layers or patches

II. It consists of cells which are thickened at the corners

III. It often contains chloroplast

IV. Intercellular spaces are absent

V. They provide mechanical support to growing parts of plants

The above characters are attributed to

a) Vascular tissue            

b) Collenchyma

c) Parenchyma 

d) Simple sclerenchyma

20. Examples for lateral meristems are

a) Phellogen and procambium   

b) Fascicular cambium and procambium

c) Procambium and dermatogen              

d) Fascicular cambium and cork cambium

1              (c)

Cambium is generally more active on the inner side than the outer. As a result the amount of secondary xylem produced is more than the secondary phloem and soon form a compact mass

2              (c)

Lateral Meristem The meristem occurs on the sides and take part in increasing girth of the plant. Only one type of primary lateral meristem is found in plants. It is intrafascicular cambium. The cambium lies in vascular bundles of dicot and gymnosperm stem in between phloem and xylem

3              (a)

The pith or medulla forms the central region of the stem and root. Usually, the pith of dicot stem is largely parenchymatous. It is devoid of chlorophyll in the mature state. The pith is not distinguishable in the mature state. The pith is not distinguishable in monocot stems.

4              (b)

As growth begins, the cells of medullary rays, which lie in between vascular bundles become active and rise to cambial strip called interfascicular cambium constitute cambium.

5              (a)

Tissue is a group of cells performing a particular function. Tissue are mainly of two types

(i) Meristematic tissues These tissues contain immature and young cells that are much active and capable of showing continuous divisions and redivisions. They may be promeristem, primary meristem, secondary meristem, apical meristem, intercalary meristem and lateral meristem.

(ii)  Permanent tissues These are made up of mature cells, which have lost the capacity to divide and have attained a permanent shape, size and function, e.g., simple (parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma), complex (xylem, phloem) and secretory tissue. 

6              (a)

Secondary growth increases the girth not length of the plant. Length of the plant increases by apical meristem

7              (d)

Cork prevents the loss of water by evaporation. It also protects the interior against the entry of harmful microorganisms, mechanical injury and extremes of temperature. Cork is light, compressible, non-reactive and sufficiently resistant to fire. It is used as stopper for bottles, shock absorption and insulation

8              (a)

Dicot stem In between the vascular bundles, there are few layers of radially placed parenchymatour cells. These parenchymatous cells are called medullary rays

9              (b)

Diagram (I) Represents the dicotyledon plant because having bean-shaped guard cells

Diagram (II) Represents the monocotyledon plant because of having dumb-bell shaped guard cells

10           (a)

Bast or phloem fibers are present in pericycle (e.g., Corchorus capsularis (jute), Hibiscus cannabinus (patsan), Crotalaria juncea (sunnhemp). These fibres are also known as extraxylary fibers.

11           (b)

Vascular Cambium

The meristematic layer that is responsible for cutting off vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) is called vascular cambium. In the young stem. It is present in patches as a single layer between the xylem and phloem. Later, it forms a complete ring

12           (d)

The secondary phloem is made up of sieve tubes, companion cells and phloem parenchyma. Sclerenchyma fibres are rare. The secondary xylem is formed of vessels, tracheids and xylem parenchyma

13           (b)

Hypodermis in the stem of Cucurbita is made up of angular collenchyma. Hypodermis is two or three-layered or sometimes altogether absent. The vascular bundles are conjoint, open and bicollateral, i.e., phloem is present on both side of xylem.

14           (c)

The innermost layer of cortex is called endodermis. It comprises a single layer of barrel-shaped cells without any intercellular spaces. The tangential as well as radial walls of the endodermal cells have a deposition of water impermeable, waxy material called suberin in the form of casparian strips

15           (b)

The isobilateral monocot leaves usually do not show a distinction into petiole and lamina. The leaf base is commonly sheathing, that is covering the stem partially or completely. The venation is parallel. Amphistomatic leaf have stomata on both the surface

16           (a)

Cell wall in a plant cell is found in both the phases, i.e., sporophytic and gametophytic.

17           (d)

The ‘ring’ arrangement of vascular bundles is a characteristic of dicot stem. Each vascular bundle is conjoint, open and with endarch protoxylem

18           (d)

Both apical meristem and intercalary meristem are primary meristems because they appear early in life of plants and contributes to the formation of primary plant body

19           (b)

Collenchyma.

The collenchyma occurs in layers below the epidermis in dicotyledonous plants. It is found either as a homogenous layer or in patches. It consists of cells which are much thickened at the corners due to the deposition of cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. Collenchymatous cells may be oval, spherical or polygonal and often contain chloroplasts. These cells assimilate food when they contain chloroplasts. Intercellular spaces are absent. They provide mechanical support to the growing parts of the plant such as young stem and petiole of a leaf

20           (d)

Lateral meristems occur laterally in the axis, parallel to the sides of stems and roots. This meristem consists of initials, which divide mainly in one plane (periclinal) and results in increase in the diameter of an organ, e.g., cambium of vascular bundles (fascicular, interfascicular and extrastelar cambium), cork cambium or phellogen.