1. Slimy mass of protoplasm with many nuclei and an Amoeba-like thalloid body is a characteristic feature of
a) Ascomycetes
b) Actinomycetes
c) Phycomycetes
d) Myxomycetes
2. The bacteria that can reside in extreme salty areas are called as
a) Halophiles
b) Methanogens
c) Basophiles
d) Thermoacidophiles
3. In which of the following patterns of viral replication, viruses enter a cell, replicate and then cause the cell to burst, releasing new viruses?
a) Lytic
b) Lysogenic
c) Repreogenic
d) Both (a) and (b)
4. Potato leaf roll or leaf curl of papaya are caused by
a) Fungi
b) Viruses
c) Bacteria
d) Nematodes
5. The given statements describes a group of organism
I. Instead of a cell wall, they have a protein rich layer called pellicle which makes their body flexible
II. They have two flagella a short and a long one
III. They are photosynthetic in the presence of sunlight, when deprived of sunlight they behave like heterotrophs by predating on other smaller organism
Which of the following group is referred here?
a) Slime moulds
b) Dinoflagellates
c) Euglenoids
d) Protozoans
6. In the light of recent classification of living organisms into three domains of life (bacteria, archaea and eukarya), which one of the following statement is true about archaea?
a) Archaea resemble eukarya in all respects
b) Archaea have some noble features that are absent in other prokaryotes and eukaryotes
c) Archaea completely differ from both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
d) Archaea completely differ from prokaryotes
7. The sexual stages of pathogens of blast of rice and red rot of sugarcane are named respectively as
a) Magneporthe grisea and Colletotrichum falcatum
b) Colletotrichum falcatum and Pyricularia oryzae
c) Glomerella tucmanensis and Magneporthe grisea
d) Magneporthe grisea and Glomerella tucmanensis
8. Substances secreted by bacteria are
a) Proteins
b) Toxins
c) Interferons
d) Antibiotics
9. Which of the following statement is correct?
a) Viruses are obligate parasites
b) All fungi are pathogenic
c) All algae are eukaryotes
d) Bacteria are always harmful to mankind
10. In five kingdom system of classification of R H Whittaker, how many kingdoms contain eukaryotes?
a) Four Kingdoms
b) One Kingdom
c) Two Kingdoms
d) Three Kingdoms
11. Contagium vivum fluidum concept of virus was proposed by
a) DJ lvanowsky
b) MW Beijerinck
c) Stanley
d) Robert Hooke
12. Heterothallism was discovered by
a) Blakeslee
b) Bessey
c) Butler
d) A Flemming
13. A place was rocky and barren but now there is a green forest, the sequence of origin is
a) Lichen, moss, herbs, shrubs
b) Moss, lichen, herbs, shrubs
c) Lichen, moss, shrubs, herbs
d) Shrubs, herbs, moss, lichen
14. The asexual spores formed by Colletotrichum falcatum,Sphaerotheca and Rhizopus stolonifer are
a) Many called
b) One called
c) Pyriform in shape
d) Rod shaped
15. Read the following statements regarding archaebacteria and select the correct option
I. Archaebacteria differs from other bacteria in having different cell wall structure
II. Their cell wall is made up of cellulose and contains high amount of unsaturated fatty acid, which is responsible for their survival in extreme conditions
III. Thermoacidophiles have dual ability to tolerate high temperature as well as high acidity
a) I and II are true
b) I and III are true
c) II and III are true
d) I, II and III are true
16. In addition to absence of chlorophyll, what is the other difference between fungi and higher plants?
a) Type of nutrition and composition of cell wall
b) Cell type
c) Nucleus
d) Reproduction
17. Identify from the following examples, a fungus, which is of medicinal importance
a) Agaricus
b) Saccharomyces
c) Penicillium
d) Cercospora
18. Which one of the following pathogens causes citrus canker disease?
a) Meloidogyne incognita
b) Anguina tritici
c) Xanthomonas citri
d) Pseudomonas rubilineans
19. Kingdom-Protista includes
a) Life cycle showing sporic meiosis
b) Life cycle showing zygotic meiosis
c) Life cycle showing gametic meiosis
d) Both (b) and (c)
20. What is common about Trypanosoma,Noctiluca Monocystis and Giardia?
a) These are all unicellular protists
b) They have flagella
c) They produce spores
d) These are all parasites
1 (d)
The members of fungal class-Myxomycetes are called slime moulds. In the vegetative phase of their cycle, these are devoid of cell wall and are either a free living, multinucleate, amoeboid, slimy mass of protoplasm (ie, Plasmodium) or an aggregation of Amoeba (Pseudoplasmodium).
2 (a)
Halophiles are named so because they usually occur in salt rich substrata like salt pans, salt beds and salt marches, e.g., Halobacterium and Halococcus
3 (a)
In the lytic cycle, a virus enters a cell and causes it to produce viral nucleic acid and protein coats. After this viral parts are assembled, the new virus particles may burst from the host cell or may leave the host cell by budding. In the lysogenic cycle, viruses enter into a long-term relationship with the cells they infect, their nucleic acid replicate as the cells multiply.
4 (b)
Potato leaf roll and leaf curl of papaya caused by viruses.
5 (c)
Euglenoids are unicellular flagellate protists. Their cell wall do not contain cellulose. The body is covered by thin and flexible pellicle. The pellicle is composed of fibrous elastin protein, small amount of lipid or/and carbohydrate. The euglenoids have two flagella, usually one long and one short. They are photosynthetic in the presence of sunlight. In dark even photosynthetic forms can behave like heterotrophic, predating on smaller organisms (holozoic) or feeding on organic remains (saprobic)
6 (b)
All archaebacteria share certain key characteristics:
(i) Their cell wall lack peptidoglycan (important component of cell wall of eubacteria).
(ii) Lipids in cell membrane of archaebacteria have different structure than those in all other organisms
(iii) Archaebacteria has distinct ribosomal RNA sequence.
(iv) Some genes of archaebacteria possess, introns unlike those of other bacteria.
7 (a)
Blast of rice or paddy is caused by the fungus Pyricularia oryzae of class-Deuteromycetes. Magneporthe griseais perfect stage of P.oryzae. Red rot of sugarcane is caused by fungus Colletotrichum falcatum and its perfect stage is Glomerella tucumanensis.
8 (b)
Some bacteria like Staphylococcus,Micrococcus,Salmonella,
Pseudomonas,Escherichia,Clostridium,etcsecret endotoxins which
spoil food stuff and cause food poisoning.
9 (a)
All viruses are obligate parasites, as these are active, can multiply and show the living properties only when they have entered their host cell. The term obligate indicates some type of restriction in an organism’s way of life from which it cannot depart and survive (e.g., a virus and its host).
10 (a)
R H Whittaker (1969, an American taxonomist divided all the organisms into five kingdoms. These are kingdom-Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia. Of these only kingdom-Monera contains prokaryotic organisms, whereas rest four kingdoms contain eukaryotic organisms.
11 (b)
MW Beijerink (1898) demonstrated that the extract of the infected plants of tobacco could cause infection in healthy plants and called the fluid as Contagium vivum fluidum (infectious living fluid)
12 (a)
Blakeslee (1904), while working with Mucor sp observed the heterothalism.
13 (a)
The rocky and barren place is deficient in water and lacks any organic matter, having only minerals in disintegrated or weathered state, the pioneer to colonies this primitive substration are crustose types of lichen.
Crustose lichens→ Foliose lichens → Moss→ Herbs → Shrub → tree.
14 (b)
Asexual spores formed by Colletotrichum falcatum (fungi imperfacti), Sphaerotheca (Ascomycetes) and Rhizopus stolonifer(Zygomycetes), all are unicellular, uninucleate, rounded to oval structures.
15 (b)
Bacterial cell wall is made up of peptidoglycan, protein, non-cellulosic carbohydrates, lipids, amino acid, etc.
Archaebacteria are characterised by the absence of peptidoglycan in their wall. Instead, the wall contains proteins and no-cellulosic polysaccharides.
Thermoacidophiles have duel ability to tolerate high temperature as well as high acidity. They often live in hot sulphur springs, where the temperature may be as high as 80℃ and pH as low as 2, e.g., Thermoplasma, Thermoproteus
16 (a)
Fungi are very large and divergent group of organisms. They lack chlorophyll, therefore, heterotrophic in nature. Their cell wall is formed of chitin (fungus cellulose).
17 (c)
Many fungi secrete antibiotics. The first antibiotic penicillin was discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1929 from Penicillium notatum. Now, penicillin is also extracted from P.chrysogenum.
18 (c)
Citrus canker is caused by an aerobic rod-shaped monotrichous bacterium, Xanthomonas citri (now known as Xanthomonas axonopodis).
19 (d)
Protista shows gametic and zygotic meiosis not sporic meiosis.
20 (a)
Trypanosoma,Noctiluca,Monocystis and Giardia are all unicellular protists.
